Study the asymmetry of the edges in the specialty referral matrix.
We are studying a small graph, where each node is a primary specialty (e.g. PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE). Then, an “edge” from one specialty to another specialty represents a referral from a doctor of the first type, to a doctor of the second type. In a sample of 100k edges, there were 74 unique primary specialties. To accumulate edge strength, I used “two logs” as was done in the zip code graph. You can see my code here. You can download the data from the following url.
rm(list = ls())
library(Matrix)
library(igraph)
load(url("http://pages.stat.wisc.edu/~karlrohe/netsci/data/specialty.RData"))
A = as.matrix(A) # it used to be a sparse matrix "dgCMatrix", even though it isn't that sparse.
rs = rowSums(A); cs = colSums(A)
plot(rs,cs, xlab= "out degree", ylab = "in degree", col = "white")
text(rs, cs, labels=colnames(A), cex = .5)
ors = order(rs)
cbind(colnames(A)[ors], round(rs[ors],1))## [,1]
## CERTIFIED NURSE MIDWIFE "CERTIFIED NURSE MIDWIFE"
## ORAL SURGERY (DENTIST ONLY) "ORAL SURGERY (DENTIST ONLY)"
## REGISTERED DIETITIAN OR NUTRITION PROFESSIONAL "REGISTERED DIETITIAN OR NUTRITION PROFESSIONAL"
## SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST "SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST"
## ADDICTION MEDICINE "ADDICTION MEDICINE"
## GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY "GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY"
## PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE "PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE"
## GYNECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY "GYNECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY"
## NEUROPSYCHIATRY "NEUROPSYCHIATRY"
## SPORTS MEDICINE "SPORTS MEDICINE"
## SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE "SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE"
## PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE "PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE"
## OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE "OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE"
## SURGICAL ONCOLOGY "SURGICAL ONCOLOGY"
## HOSPICE/PALLIATIVE CARE "HOSPICE/PALLIATIVE CARE"
## AUDIOLOGIST "AUDIOLOGIST"
## HAND SURGERY "HAND SURGERY"
## ANESTHESIOLOGY ASSISTANT "ANESTHESIOLOGY ASSISTANT"
## OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY "OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY"
## CLINICAL NURSE SPECIALIST "CLINICAL NURSE SPECIALIST"
## PEDIATRIC MEDICINE "PEDIATRIC MEDICINE"
## ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY "ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY"
## PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT "PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT"
## COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY) "COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY)"
## CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKER "CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKER"
## PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY "PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY"
## CHIROPRACTIC "CHIROPRACTIC"
## OBSTETRICS/GYNECOLOGY "OBSTETRICS/GYNECOLOGY"
## HEMATOLOGY "HEMATOLOGY"
## UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY) "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## PHYSICAL THERAPY "PHYSICAL THERAPY"
## INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## PAIN MANAGEMENT "PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST "CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST"
## NEUROSURGERY "NEUROSURGERY"
## RADIATION ONCOLOGY "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## NUCLEAR MEDICINE "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## GERIATRIC MEDICINE "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## CARDIAC SURGERY "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## GENERAL PRACTICE "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## RHEUMATOLOGY "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## THORACIC SURGERY "THORACIC SURGERY"
## OPTOMETRY "OPTOMETRY"
## MEDICAL ONCOLOGY "MEDICAL ONCOLOGY"
## OTOLARYNGOLOGY "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## ENDOCRINOLOGY "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS) "CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)"
## PSYCHIATRY "PSYCHIATRY"
## DERMATOLOGY "DERMATOLOGY"
## PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## VASCULAR SURGERY "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## UROLOGY "UROLOGY"
## INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY "INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY"
## ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## OPHTHALMOLOGY "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## NEUROLOGY "NEUROLOGY"
## INFECTIOUS DISEASE "INFECTIOUS DISEASE"
## GENERAL SURGERY "GENERAL SURGERY"
## GASTROENTEROLOGY "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## ANESTHESIOLOGY "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## PODIATRY "PODIATRY"
## EMERGENCY MEDICINE "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## NEPHROLOGY "NEPHROLOGY"
## PATHOLOGY "PATHOLOGY"
## NURSE PRACTITIONER "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## PULMONARY DISEASE "PULMONARY DISEASE"
## FAMILY PRACTICE "FAMILY PRACTICE"
## CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY) "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## INTERNAL MEDICINE "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [,2]
## CERTIFIED NURSE MIDWIFE "0"
## ORAL SURGERY (DENTIST ONLY) "0"
## REGISTERED DIETITIAN OR NUTRITION PROFESSIONAL "0.1"
## SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST "0.1"
## ADDICTION MEDICINE "0.2"
## GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY "0.3"
## PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE "0.3"
## GYNECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY "0.5"
## NEUROPSYCHIATRY "0.9"
## SPORTS MEDICINE "1.2"
## SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE "1.3"
## PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE "2"
## OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE "2.5"
## SURGICAL ONCOLOGY "2.7"
## HOSPICE/PALLIATIVE CARE "3"
## AUDIOLOGIST "3.2"
## HAND SURGERY "3.3"
## ANESTHESIOLOGY ASSISTANT "3.4"
## OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY "3.7"
## CLINICAL NURSE SPECIALIST "3.7"
## PEDIATRIC MEDICINE "3.9"
## ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY "4.4"
## PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT "5"
## COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY) "5.7"
## CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKER "6.2"
## PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY "6.4"
## CHIROPRACTIC "7.7"
## OBSTETRICS/GYNECOLOGY "8.1"
## HEMATOLOGY "9.6"
## UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY) "10.9"
## PHYSICAL THERAPY "11.7"
## INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT "11.8"
## PAIN MANAGEMENT "12"
## CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST "15.3"
## NEUROSURGERY "15.3"
## RADIATION ONCOLOGY "17.1"
## NUCLEAR MEDICINE "17.4"
## GERIATRIC MEDICINE "18.1"
## CARDIAC SURGERY "18.7"
## GENERAL PRACTICE "18.8"
## RHEUMATOLOGY "18.9"
## THORACIC SURGERY "20.6"
## OPTOMETRY "21.8"
## MEDICAL ONCOLOGY "24.2"
## OTOLARYNGOLOGY "29"
## ENDOCRINOLOGY "33.4"
## CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST "34.1"
## CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS) "34.2"
## PSYCHIATRY "41.6"
## DERMATOLOGY "42"
## PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION "42.3"
## VASCULAR SURGERY "47.1"
## UROLOGY "48.8"
## INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY "50"
## ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY "50.4"
## CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY "55.2"
## HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY "56.4"
## OPHTHALMOLOGY "56.4"
## NEUROLOGY "56.6"
## INFECTIOUS DISEASE "57.6"
## GENERAL SURGERY "62.4"
## GASTROENTEROLOGY "63.2"
## ANESTHESIOLOGY "63.5"
## INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY "66.5"
## PODIATRY "68.1"
## EMERGENCY MEDICINE "79.6"
## NEPHROLOGY "83.3"
## PATHOLOGY "96.2"
## NURSE PRACTITIONER "97.4"
## PULMONARY DISEASE "103.4"
## FAMILY PRACTICE "125.6"
## CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY) "168"
## INTERNAL MEDICINE "181"
## DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY "242.9"Are edges reciprocal?
plot(A,t(A), main = "non-reciprocated edges at low degrees.")
bA = matrix(0, nrow = nrow(A), ncol = ncol(A))
bA[A>.5] = 1
nonrecA = bA*(1-t(bA))
nonrecEdges = which(nonrecA == 1, arr.ind = T)
# the first column makes some referrals to the second column, but it is much less likely in the other direction.
cbind(colnames(A)[nonrecEdges[,1]], colnames(A)[nonrecEdges[,2]])## [,1]
## [1,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [2,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [3,] "PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY"
## [4,] "CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKER"
## [5,] "PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [6,] "DERMATOLOGY"
## [7,] "PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE"
## [8,] "OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE"
## [9,] "SPORTS MEDICINE"
## [10,] "PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY"
## [11,] "COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY)"
## [12,] "HEMATOLOGY"
## [13,] "CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKER"
## [14,] "SURGICAL ONCOLOGY"
## [15,] "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## [16,] "COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY)"
## [17,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [18,] "HAND SURGERY"
## [19,] "PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE"
## [20,] "NEUROPSYCHIATRY"
## [21,] "PEDIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [22,] "UROLOGY"
## [23,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [24,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [25,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [26,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [27,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [28,] "NEUROSURGERY"
## [29,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [30,] "COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY)"
## [31,] "HEMATOLOGY"
## [32,] "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## [33,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [34,] "DERMATOLOGY"
## [35,] "MEDICAL ONCOLOGY"
## [36,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [37,] "FAMILY PRACTICE"
## [38,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [39,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [40,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [41,] "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## [42,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [43,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [44,] "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## [45,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [46,] "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## [47,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [48,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [49,] "HEMATOLOGY"
## [50,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [51,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [52,] "PODIATRY"
## [53,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [54,] "UROLOGY"
## [55,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [56,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [57,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [58,] "PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY"
## [59,] "PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [60,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [61,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [62,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [63,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [64,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [65,] "CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)"
## [66,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [67,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [68,] "ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY"
## [69,] "NEUROSURGERY"
## [70,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [71,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [72,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [73,] "UROLOGY"
## [74,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [75,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [76,] "PHYSICAL THERAPY"
## [77,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [78,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [79,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [80,] "NEUROSURGERY"
## [81,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [82,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [83,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [84,] "DERMATOLOGY"
## [85,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [86,] "INFECTIOUS DISEASE"
## [87,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [88,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [89,] "PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT"
## [90,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [91,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [92,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [93,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [94,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [95,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [96,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [97,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [98,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [99,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [100,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [101,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [102,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [103,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [104,] "HAND SURGERY"
## [105,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY ASSISTANT"
## [106,] "PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [107,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [108,] "INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY"
## [109,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [110,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [111,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [112,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [113,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [114,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [115,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [116,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [117,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [118,] "UROLOGY"
## [119,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [120,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [121,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [122,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [123,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [124,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [125,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [126,] "UROLOGY"
## [127,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [128,] "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## [129,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [130,] "PULMONARY DISEASE"
## [131,] "GENERAL SURGERY"
## [132,] "CHIROPRACTIC"
## [133,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [134,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [135,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [136,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [137,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [138,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [139,] "INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY"
## [140,] "DERMATOLOGY"
## [141,] "GENERAL SURGERY"
## [142,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [143,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [144,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [145,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [146,] "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## [147,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [148,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [149,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [150,] "FAMILY PRACTICE"
## [151,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [152,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [153,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [154,] "FAMILY PRACTICE"
## [155,] "PULMONARY DISEASE"
## [156,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [157,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [158,] "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## [159,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [160,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [161,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [162,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [163,] "FAMILY PRACTICE"
## [164,] "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## [165,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [166,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [167,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [168,] "GENERAL SURGERY"
## [169,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [170,] "DERMATOLOGY"
## [171,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [172,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [173,] "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## [174,] "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## [175,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [176,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [177,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [178,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [179,] "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## [180,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [181,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [182,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [183,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [184,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [185,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [186,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [187,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [,2]
## [1,] "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## [2,] "OPHTHALMOLOGY"
## [3,] "PODIATRY"
## [4,] "PODIATRY"
## [5,] "PODIATRY"
## [6,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [7,] "EMERGENCY MEDICINE"
## [8,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [9,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [10,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [11,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [12,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [13,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [14,] "INTERNAL MEDICINE"
## [15,] "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## [16,] "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)"
## [17,] "VASCULAR SURGERY"
## [18,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [19,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [20,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [21,] "DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY"
## [22,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [23,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [24,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [25,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [26,] "NEUROLOGY"
## [27,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [28,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [29,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [30,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [31,] "PATHOLOGY"
## [32,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [33,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [34,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [35,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [36,] "NEPHROLOGY"
## [37,] "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## [38,] "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## [39,] "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## [40,] "CARDIAC SURGERY"
## [41,] "INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY"
## [42,] "INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY"
## [43,] "INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY"
## [44,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [45,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [46,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [47,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [48,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [49,] "NURSE PRACTITIONER"
## [50,] "UROLOGY"
## [51,] "UROLOGY"
## [52,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [53,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [54,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [55,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [56,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [57,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [58,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [59,] "GASTROENTEROLOGY"
## [60,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [61,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [62,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [63,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [64,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [65,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [66,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [67,] "CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST"
## [68,] "PULMONARY DISEASE"
## [69,] "PULMONARY DISEASE"
## [70,] "PULMONARY DISEASE"
## [71,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [72,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [73,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [74,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [75,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [76,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [77,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [78,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [79,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [80,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [81,] "PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION"
## [82,] "INFECTIOUS DISEASE"
## [83,] "INFECTIOUS DISEASE"
## [84,] "INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY"
## [85,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [86,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [87,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [88,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [89,] "ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY"
## [90,] "DERMATOLOGY"
## [91,] "PHYSICAL THERAPY"
## [92,] "OPTOMETRY"
## [93,] "OPTOMETRY"
## [94,] "OPTOMETRY"
## [95,] "CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY"
## [96,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [97,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [98,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [99,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [100,] "ENDOCRINOLOGY"
## [101,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [102,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [103,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [104,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [105,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [106,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY"
## [107,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [108,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [109,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [110,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [111,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [112,] "HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY"
## [113,] "GENERAL SURGERY"
## [114,] "GENERAL SURGERY"
## [115,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [116,] "THORACIC SURGERY"
## [117,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [118,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [119,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [120,] "RHEUMATOLOGY"
## [121,] "ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY"
## [122,] "ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY"
## [123,] "ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY"
## [124,] "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## [125,] "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## [126,] "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## [127,] "RADIATION ONCOLOGY"
## [128,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [129,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [130,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [131,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [132,] "GENERAL PRACTICE"
## [133,] "NEUROSURGERY"
## [134,] "NEUROSURGERY"
## [135,] "CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)"
## [136,] "CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)"
## [137,] "CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)"
## [138,] "CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)"
## [139,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [140,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [141,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [142,] "PSYCHIATRY"
## [143,] "MEDICAL ONCOLOGY"
## [144,] "MEDICAL ONCOLOGY"
## [145,] "HOSPICE/PALLIATIVE CARE"
## [146,] "HOSPICE/PALLIATIVE CARE"
## [147,] "CHIROPRACTIC"
## [148,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [149,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [150,] "NUCLEAR MEDICINE"
## [151,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [152,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [153,] "OTOLARYNGOLOGY"
## [154,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [155,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [156,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [157,] "UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)"
## [158,] "PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE"
## [159,] "GYNECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY"
## [160,] "SPORTS MEDICINE"
## [161,] "SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE"
## [162,] "SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE"
## [163,] "SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE"
## [164,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [165,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [166,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [167,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [168,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [169,] "GERIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [170,] "PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY"
## [171,] "CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST"
## [172,] "OBSTETRICS/GYNECOLOGY"
## [173,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [174,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [175,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [176,] "INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [177,] "OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY"
## [178,] "OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY"
## [179,] "HEMATOLOGY"
## [180,] "ANESTHESIOLOGY ASSISTANT"
## [181,] "NEUROPSYCHIATRY"
## [182,] "PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [183,] "PAIN MANAGEMENT"
## [184,] "PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT"
## [185,] "PEDIATRIC MEDICINE"
## [186,] "GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY"
## [187,] "CERTIFIED NURSE MIDWIFE"What is the page rank? Imagine a Markov chain on the specialties. You get randomly referred around this network. Where are you likely to land?
g= graph.adjacency(A,mode= "directed", weighted = T)
pr = page.rank(g,directed = T)
sort(pr$vec)## SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST
## 0.002077967
## ADDICTION MEDICINE
## 0.002105919
## ORAL SURGERY (DENTIST ONLY)
## 0.002107728
## REGISTERED DIETITIAN OR NUTRITION PROFESSIONAL
## 0.002161430
## PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE
## 0.002179199
## CERTIFIED NURSE MIDWIFE
## 0.002327073
## PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
## 0.002422320
## NEUROPSYCHIATRY
## 0.002462197
## OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE
## 0.002475945
## HAND SURGERY
## 0.002507377
## SPORTS MEDICINE
## 0.002525492
## GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
## 0.002684366
## COLORECTAL SURGERY (PROCTOLOGY)
## 0.002708545
## PEDIATRIC MEDICINE
## 0.002787374
## ANESTHESIOLOGY ASSISTANT
## 0.003011476
## SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
## 0.003088967
## AUDIOLOGIST
## 0.003321303
## GYNECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY
## 0.003338767
## CLINICAL NURSE SPECIALIST
## 0.003365498
## SLEEP LABORATORY/MEDICINE
## 0.003486039
## PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
## 0.003503535
## CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKER
## 0.003504867
## PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT
## 0.003727485
## HOSPICE/PALLIATIVE CARE
## 0.004339046
## HEMATOLOGY
## 0.004687390
## CHIROPRACTIC
## 0.004879876
## UNDEFINED PHYSICIAN TYPE (SPECIFY)
## 0.005259370
## PAIN MANAGEMENT
## 0.005462010
## ALLERGY/IMMUNOLOGY
## 0.005519422
## OBSTETRICS/GYNECOLOGY
## 0.005558348
## INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT
## 0.005914264
## THORACIC SURGERY
## 0.006537094
## NEUROSURGERY
## 0.006735108
## NUCLEAR MEDICINE
## 0.007114638
## OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
## 0.007266787
## CARDIAC SURGERY
## 0.007925134
## RHEUMATOLOGY
## 0.007977905
## RADIATION ONCOLOGY
## 0.008299147
## CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST
## 0.008332354
## GERIATRIC MEDICINE
## 0.009220414
## GENERAL PRACTICE
## 0.009904835
## OPTOMETRY
## 0.010093860
## MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
## 0.011625910
## OTOLARYNGOLOGY
## 0.012735854
## DERMATOLOGY
## 0.013412314
## ENDOCRINOLOGY
## 0.013655352
## PHYSICAL THERAPY
## 0.013659409
## CRITICAL CARE (INTENSIVISTS)
## 0.013866190
## VASCULAR SURGERY
## 0.014547825
## CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
## 0.014836384
## CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST
## 0.015160854
## INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
## 0.015219609
## PSYCHIATRY
## 0.016660387
## UROLOGY
## 0.016789596
## INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY
## 0.017572522
## ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
## 0.017578847
## OPHTHALMOLOGY
## 0.017970523
## EMERGENCY MEDICINE
## 0.018279635
## GENERAL SURGERY
## 0.020289669
## NEUROLOGY
## 0.020822856
## GASTROENTEROLOGY
## 0.021958394
## INFECTIOUS DISEASE
## 0.022069330
## PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
## 0.022401198
## HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY
## 0.022819822
## ANESTHESIOLOGY
## 0.023894616
## PODIATRY
## 0.025160524
## NEPHROLOGY
## 0.028940651
## PATHOLOGY
## 0.033222916
## PULMONARY DISEASE
## 0.035433680
## NURSE PRACTITIONER
## 0.036888685
## FAMILY PRACTICE
## 0.039854253
## CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CARDIOLOGY)
## 0.054053173
## INTERNAL MEDICINE
## 0.063283769
## DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY
## 0.090427380