Question 1

  1. No. For each class, the frequency tells us how many values fall within the given range of values, but there is no way to determine the exact IQ scores represented in the class.

  2. If percentages are used, the sum should be 100%. If proportions are used, the sum should be 1.

  3. The gap in the frequencies suggests that the table includes heights of two different populations: students and faculty/staff.

Question 2

  1. On average, the actresses appear to be younger than the actors.

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  1. The cumulative frequency table is
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Question 3

  1. Yes. The pulse rates of males appear to be generally lower than the pulse rates of females.

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  1. Yes, the distribution appears to be roughly a normal distribution.
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Question 4

  1. Identifying the exact value is not easy, but answers not too far from 200 are good answers.

  2. Class width of 2 inches. Approximate lower limit of first class of 43 inches. Approximate upper limit of first class of 45 inches.

  3. The tallest person is about 108 inches, or about 9 feet tall. That tallest height is depicted in the bar that is farthest to the right in the histogram. That height is an outlier because it is very far from all of the other heights. The height of 9 feet must be an error, because the height of the tallest human ever recorded was 8 feet 11 inches.

  4. The first group appears to be adults. Knowing that the people entered a museum on a Friday morning, we can reasonably assume that there were many school children on a field trip and that they were accompanied by a smaller group of teachers and adult chaperones and other adults visiting the museum by themselves.

Question 5

  1. The histogram appears to roughly approximate a normal distribution. The frequencies generally increase to a maximum and then tend to decrease, and the histogram is symmetric with the left half being roughly a mirror image of the right half.

  2. No, the histogram does not appear to approximate a normal distribution. The frequencies do not increase to a maximum and then decrease, and the histogram is not symmetric with the left half being a mirror image of the right half.

Question 6

  1. Yes. There is a very distinct pattern showing that cans of Coke with larger volumes tend to weigh more. Another notable feature of the scatterplot is that there are five groups of points that are stacked above each other. This is due to the fact that the measured volumes were rounded to one decimal place, so the different volume amounts are often duplicated, with the result that points are stacked vertically.

  2. No, because the configuration of points is not at all a bell shape, the amounts do not appear to be from a normally distributed population.

  3. There are no outliers. The distribution is not dramatically far from being a normally distribution with a bell shape, so there is not strong evidence against a normal distribution.

12 | 6 8
13 | 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 9 4
14 | 0 0 0 3 3 5

  1. Because there is not a single total number of hours of instruction time that is partitioned among the five countries, it does not make sense to use a pie chart for the given data.

Question 8

  1. The mean is \[\frac{58+22+27+29+21+10+10+8+7+9+11+9+4+4}{14} = 16.4\ million\] The median is \[\frac{10+10}{2}=10\ million\] The modes are $4 million, $9 million, and \(10 million. The midrange is \)\(\frac{4+58}{2}=31\ million\)$ The measures of center do not reveal anything about the pattern of the data over time, and that pattern is a key component of a movie’s success. The first amount is highest for the opening day when many Harry Potter fans are most eager to see the movie, the third and fourth values are from the first Friday and the first Saturday, which are the popular weekend days when movie attendance tends to spike.

  2. a.x=5(0.62)−0.3−0.4−1.1−0.7=0.6 parts per million.
    b.n–1

Question 9

  1. Parts (a), (b), and (d) are true.

  2. Variation is a general descriptive term that refers to the amount of dispersion or spread among the data values, but the variance refers specifically to the square of the standard deviation.

Question 10

  1. The range is 58 − 4 = \(54 million. The variance is \)= 210.9$ square of million dollars.
    The standard deviation is \(\sqrt{210.9}\) = $14.5.
    An investor would care about the gross from opening day and the rate of decline after that, but the measures of center and variation are less important.

  2. The range is 2.95, the variance is 0.345, and the standard deviation is 0.587.